No. A Linux server is no problem. Sounds like you have a mismatch between the upper/lower case of the path and/or filename to the images (like .jpg in your code vs. .JPG as a part of the actual filename, things like that). This almost never matters on the local machine, it almost always matters on the server. But that's just my best guess, it really could be any of a great number of things.
If you want more help:
Please post a link to a page on your site that contains the problematic code so we can check it out.
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